Roxas and the ruling elite plundered the $2 billion reparations. pages 106-107
After Japan surrendered Manuel A. Roxas, a known quisling during the Japanese occupation became the Philippine Commonwealth President with the help of Gen. Douglas MacArthur.
“Thereafter, the $2 billion in aid was fought over by various groups of vultures who had good links with the new ruling elite of MacArthur and Roxas. Only very little of this fabulous sum (at mid-1940’s value, too) actually went into rebuilding the Philippine’ shattered infrastructure and economy.”